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MAOI (mono-amine oxidase inhibiters) operate as follows. Many of the brain neurotransmitters are mono-amines. Sometimes when their levels get low it causes depression. There is an enzyme that destroys mono-amines by oxidizing them, it is called mono-amine oxidase. By inhibiting mono-amine oxidase, MAOI raises the level of mono-amine neurotransmitters, sometimes relieving depression.

However MAOI drugs have many undesirable side effects, and require a restricted diet to avoid potentially fatal reactions. Therefore they are rarely used, now that safer Tricyclic & SSRI drugs are available.

MAOI drugs were the first antidepressants discovered, they were originally developed and used to treat tuberculosis by killing the bacteria and the antidepressant effect was discovered accidentally.

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