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Amphetamines promote wakefulness by increasing the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which enhances alertness and energy levels. In contrast, alcohol acts as a central nervous system depressant, enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), leading to sedation and drowsiness. The contrasting effects of these substances are due to their differing mechanisms of action on neurotransmitter systems.

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3w ago

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