An open system allows for the exchange of matter and energy between the system and outside of the system. A closed system only allows the exchange of energy; not matter.
The light bulb is a closed system: no mass transfer.
The part of a refrigerator that determines whether it is an open or closed system is the refrigeration cycle, particularly the refrigerant flow. In a closed system, the refrigerant is contained within a closed loop of coils, absorbing heat from the interior and releasing it outside without any mass exchange with the environment. In contrast, an open system would involve the exchange of mass, where refrigerant could enter or leave the system. Most traditional refrigerators operate as closed systems.
Closed System
An open system in physics is one that can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings. This is in contrast to closed systems, which can only exchange energy, and isolated systems, which cannot exchange either energy or matter with their surroundings.
Amphibians have closed circulatory system Closed
closed circulatory system
A battery-operated wrist watch is a closed system. A wind-up wrist watch is an open system.
A food chain is typically considered an open loop system because it involves the flow of energy and nutrients from producers to consumers and decomposers, without a closed cycle. In an open system, energy and matter are exchanged with the environment, allowing for continuous input and output. In contrast, a closed loop system would recycle all components without external inputs. Therefore, a food chain represents an open loop system.
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