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Neurons communicate with each other via 'synapses'. Let us consider an example of how this works. Say a neuron becomes excited because its antennae, which are called 'dendrites', have just received a number of inputs from neighbouring neurons. Say as a result of this it now 'fires an action potential'. This will involve a electrical pulse being sent from its cell body (the soma) all the way down its axon to the very end - the 'axon terminal'. This terminal has two main characteristics: 1) it stores and releases neurotransmitters; and 2) it comes into close apposition (not quite physical contact) with some process of another cell, usually a point on a dendritic branch (antenna). The tiny gap between the axon terminal and the recipient cell is called a synapse, or 'synaptic cleft'. As soon as the electrical impulse reaches the terminal, neurochemicals will be released into the synaptic cleft where they will diffuse a very short distance and bind to 'post-synaptic receptors' on the recipient cell's dendrite (or in some cases, its cell body). These chemicals are the 'inputs' that were referred to in the beginning of this example. And on and on it goes. The synapse is the point of exchange - the neurochemicals are the messengers. by sending signals
by sending substances across a tiny gap between them

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