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Bacteria such as E. coli are classified into two categories: Gram + and Gram -. Gram's staining is an indication of the bacterial cell wall thickness. One is not more pathogenic than others, there are Gram + and Gram - pathogenic bacteria. Bottom line: All bacteria have cell walls.

Phenolic disinfectant acts as a poison, penetrating and disrupting the cell wall and precipitating the cell proteins. They cause bacterial death by inactivation of essential enzyme systems and leakage of essential metabolites from the cell wall.

Once the protective cell wall is disrupted and the bacteria loses key enzymes, it dies.

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