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Dissolving carbon dioxide (CO2) in water causes the water to become more acidic, which lowers the pH. The same thing happens in blood. If your blood is too acidic, you breathe faster and that gets rid of some of the CO2. The CO2 forms the acid H2CO3 when combined with water, and an H+ leaves this molecule, forming H+ (or H3O+ when combined with another H2O) and HCO3- (bicarbonate ion). This additional H+ is what pH measures, which is why the pH goes down (down = more H+, since pH is the negative logarithm of the H+ concentration in moles per liter.)

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Does blood oxygen levels influence respiratory rate?

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