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The loop of Henle plays a crucial role in the kidney's ability to produce hypertonic urine by creating a countercurrent multiplication system. As filtrate descends into the loop, water is reabsorbed in the descending limb, concentrating the filtrate. In the ascending limb, sodium and chloride ions are actively transported out, making the surrounding medulla hyperosmotic. This gradient allows for further water reabsorption in the collecting ducts, enabling the production of urine that is more concentrated than blood plasma.

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2mo ago

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