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neural plasticity - neurons can alter their:

- dendrite-to-dendrite connections

- axon-to-dendrite connections

- axon-to-axon connections

- neurotransmitter receptor density

This allows for the brain to change the way that different neural networks interconnect, and it also allows regulation and modulation of neural signals so that the "weights" between neurons are changed to remodulate those signals.

Diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, ALS, and multiple sclerosis, can also result in demyelination, which results in signal loss along axons.

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