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It depends on what type of organism. A virus acts differently than a bacteria and is harder to treat. Fungi can cause diseases like ringworm. The organism has to overwhelm the persons' lines of defense.
Our bodies are made in such a way as we try to fight off an attack from any thing.
We have several lines of defenses. If the first line is breached, the second has to be overwhelmed and then the third for the organism to infect and cause disease.
First line of defense:
Barriers at the Portal of Entry
Inborn nonspecific barriers
Impede any invasion whether living or dead
Very difficult to penetrate the skin
Flushing effects of sweat, tears, mucous and urine
Anatomical barriers:
1. Skin: Hair follicles, Skin glands
2. Mucous membranes Digestive tract, Urinary tract, Respiratory tract
3. Eye
The trachea contain cilia that entrap and propel particles out of the respiratory tract.
Nonspecific (will act against) all chemical barriers
1.Sebaceous secretions: antimicrobial
2. Eyelid glands - meibomian gland: antimicrobial
3. Tears and saliva - lysozyme (antimicrobial)
4. Acidic pH: Sweat, Stomach, Skin, Semen, Vagina
Genetic (born with) barriers
Different level of sensitivity, resistance and genetic differences to infectious agents: malaria, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Fungal infections
If and when the first line is breached,
Second line of defense
A cellular and chemical system, Comes immediately in play if first line is breached
Phagocytes engulf all infectious agents they come across, Inflammation helps to localize infections
Third line of defense (takes time)
The development of resistance to infectious agents by the body
Surveillance of the body
Recognition of foreign material
Destruction of foreign material or agent
Involves nonspecific and
Specific immune defense systems
White blood cells (WBCs) or leukocytes are involved
WBC
WBC recognize "self" markers on the host cell
Do not attack or do not respond to host cell (self cells)
WBC recognize "nonself" markers on the invading microbe
Attack or Mark for destruction
WBC do not destroy self cells, while nonself cells are recognized and destroyed.
Systems
All systems are integrated
No single cell is far away from protection no matter how isolated
What else can I help you with?
What will to the organism?
it will spread out, and can cause diseases.
How did the word spread about Grendels attack?
the word spread by worriers who escaped.
What is it called when an organism's own antibodies attack the organism?
We call this process an autoimmune reaction.
Can an infectious disease be spread from one organism to another?
colds, and infectious diseases
How does yaws attack and spread?
by mouth and smooching
What will happen to the organism to the heart?
It would cause heart attack
How does corynebacterium attack and spread?
the corynebacterium attacks the throat
What will happen to the organism if the heart will injured?
It would cause heart attack
Do viruses attack healthy cells?
because they want to make more of their kind
How does gangrene spread?
Gangrene is cause by a genetic attack of birth. Suckers
Why was smallpox inoculation important?
Inoculations are done to protect you from harmful diseases.
What carries disease?
For a disease to continue and spread, there must be a continual source of the disease organism. This source can be either a living organism or an inanimate object. :D
