How does tissue damage occur in acute rejection after an organ transplant?

What does tissue rejection mean?

after a graft or transplant, the immune response of the recipient to foreign tissue cells, with production of antibodies and eventually destruction of the transplanted organ. acute rejection , acute cellular rejection , cellular rejection.

What are the indications of plasmapheresis?

Guillan Barre Syndrome, Good pastures syndrome,Hyper viscosity syndrome, Acute Graft rejection in renal transplant, myesthenia gravis crisis,hyper cholestrenimia,cryoglobulinemia

Is heart transplant rejection unusual?

For solid organ transplants (hearts, lungs, kidneys etc...) rejection is a fairly common occurrence, despite the use of immunosuppressive drugs. Depending on the transplant, over 50% of recipients will experience some organ rejection at some point, whether acute or chronic. The rejection rate of organs is a little higher than it absolutely could be, since a small but noticeable proportion of cases result from patients not taking their prescribed medications correctly (i.e missing doses etc...). It's a problem which tends to be higher among teenage transplant patients.

Why will surgery be necessary for some patients with acute meningococcemia?

A significant percentage of the survivors will have tissue damage that requires surgical treatment.

How do doctors treat acute leukemia?

chemotherapy or a bone marrow transplant, both.

What is de novo liver transplant patient?

A de novo liver transplant patient is an individual who has undergone a liver transplant for the first time, typically due to end-stage liver disease or acute liver failure. This term distinguishes them from patients who have had previous transplants and may have different medical considerations or complications related to organ rejection or failure. De novo patients generally require comprehensive post-operative care and monitoring to ensure the success of the transplant and to manage their overall health.

How is gout treated in alternative medicine?

During an acute attack, treatment should focus on relieving pain and inflammation. On an ongoing basis, the focus is on maintaining normal uric acid levels, repairing tissue damage, and promoting tissue healing.

What is acute ischemic insult?

Acute ischemic insult refers to a sudden reduction in blood flow to a specific area of the body, often leading to tissue damage due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients. This condition is commonly associated with events like strokes or heart attacks, where blood vessels are blocked or narrowed. The severity and consequences depend on the duration of the ischemia and the affected tissue's vulnerability. Prompt medical intervention is crucial to minimize damage and improve outcomes.

What effects from nuclear radiation on human tissue?

Nuclear radiation can damage human tissue by causing DNA mutations, cell death, and inflammation. This can lead to health problems such as cancer, radiation sickness, and long-term tissue damage. The severity of the effects depends on the dose, duration of exposure, and type of radiation.

Transplant rejection?

DefinitionTransplant rejection is when a transplant recipient's immune system attacks a transplanted organ or tissue. See also graft-versus-host disease.Alternative NamesGraft rejection; Tissue/organ rejectionCauses, incidence, and risk factorsYour body's immune system protects you from potentially harmful substances, such as microorganisms, toxins, and cancer cells. These harmful substances have proteins called antigens on their surfaces. If your immune system identifies antigens that are foreign (not part of your body), it will attack them.In the same way, foreign blood or tissue can trigger a blood transfusion reactionor transplant rejection. To help prevent this, tissue is "typed" before the transplant procedure to identify the antigens it contains.Though tissue typing ensures that the organ or tissue is as similar as possible to the tissues of the recipient, the match is usually not perfect. No two people (except identical twins) have identical tissue antigens.Immunosuppressive drugs are needed to prevent organ rejection. Otherwise, organ and tissue transplantation would almost always cause an immune response and result in destruction of the foreign tissue.There are some exceptions, however. Corneal transplants are rarely rejected because corneas have no blood supply -- immune cells and antibodies do not reach the cornea to cause rejection. In addition, transplants from one identical twin to another are almost never rejected.SymptomsThe organ does not function properlyGeneral discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feelingPain or swelling in the location of the organ (rare)Fever (rare)The symptoms vary depending on the transplanted organ or tissue. For example, patients who reject a kidney may have less urine, and patients who reject a heart may have symptoms of heart failure.Signs and testsThe doctor will feel the area over and around the transplanted organ, which may feel tender to you (particularly with transplanted kidneys).There are often signs that the organ isn't functioning properly. For example:Less urine output with kidney transplantsShortness of breath and less tolerance to exertion with heart transplantsYellow skin color and easy bleeding with liver transplantsA biopsy of the transplanted organ can confirm that it is being rejected. A routine biopsy is often performed to detect rejection early, before symptoms develop.When organ rejection is suspected, one or more of the following tests may be performed prior to organ biopsy:Abdominal CT scanChest x-rayHeart echocardiographyKidney arteriographyKidney ultrasoundLab tests of kidney or liver functionTreatmentThe goal of treatment is to make sure the transplanted organ or tissue functions properly, while at the same time suppressing the recipient's immune response. Suppressing the immune response can treat and prevent transplant rejection.Many different drugs can be used to suppress the immune response. The dosage of the medication depends on the patient's status. The dose may be very high while the tissue is actually being rejected, and then reduced to a lower level to prevent it from happening again.Expectations (prognosis)Some organs and tissues are more successfully transplanted than others. If rejection begins, immunosuppressive drugs may stop the rejection. Then, you must take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of your life.However, immunosuppressive treatment is not always successful.ComplicationsInfections (because the person's immune system is constantly suppressed)Loss of function of the transplanted organ/tissueSide effects of medications, which may be severeCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if the transplanted organ or tissue does not seem to be working properly or if other symptoms occur. Also, call your health care provider if medication side effects develop.PreventionABO blood typingand HLA (tissue antigen) typing before transplantation helps to ensure a close match. Suppressing the immune system is usually necessary for the rest of the transplant recipient's life to prevent the tissue from being rejected. Being careful to take post-transplant medications properly, and being closely monitored by your doctor may help prevent rejection.

How is tacrolimus used?

An alternative drug choice for patients that cannot tolerate cyclosporine, tacrolimus has been the subject of much research in recent years. Used to treat rejection episodes that are acute or chronic in nature

What is an acute rapidly spreading infection within the connective tissue?

cellulitis