At least an inch (two finger-widths
is how I teach it) as the minimum.
Generally (but not always) the implanted pacemaker is by the left collar-bone
while the AED pad should be under the right one, so we could also say 18+ inches depending on the size of the person.
Yes, the pacemaker is obviously malfunctioning. Just try to not place the pad directly over the pacemaker. Typically however this is not a problem as a pacemaker is usally located near the left shoulder and the pads go on the right shoulder and left side.
Yes you can; don't put the pad though on top of the pacemaker. Adjust pad as necessary.
To use the AED, first turn it on. Place the pads on the patient. (and plug the pad leads into the AED if required). The AED should analyze at this point; now follow the instructions of the AED.
No, AED pads can not be cut.
No you can not use one adult and one child aed pad.
Any adult AED pad, as long as it is compatible with the AED, will be OK.
As far as pad placement, the icons on the pads will show where they go on the victim; upper right on chest and lower left on the ribs. The AED will recognise if the contact between the pad and skin is correct; if not, the chest was not wiped off to remove the fluids or there is too much hair where the pad was placed.
Any adult pad that is recommended by the manufacturer of the AED will be acceptable to use.
Place 1 pad on the chest and 1 on the back.
1 pad upper right on patients chest. 1 pad lower left side, on the ribs.
Place pads upper right & lower left to ribs like an adult; if pads are too large, place on front & back. The pad icons will show where the pad is to be placed. See related link for pictures.
For AED pad placement, remember the saying "White upper right, red to the ribs". These are the locations on the patient; one pad goes on the upper right of the chest; the other pad goes on the lower left side of the abdomen, on the ribs. It used to be the pad leads were white and red which denotes the location based on the color of the leads. Now, all the pads have icons on them which show the pad location upper right and lower left. For a child, it may require the pads located on the front of the chest, and on the back due to the size of the chest vs. the size of the pads. See the related link for examples.