The rhythmicity of breathing is primarily controlled by the brainstem, particularly the medulla oblongata and pons. Neurons in these areas generate rhythmic patterns of activity that regulate the contraction of respiratory muscles. Additionally, sensory input from chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors helps modulate the rhythm based on the body’s metabolic needs, such as changes in carbon dioxide and oxygen levels. This complex interplay ensures that breathing remains automatic yet adaptable to various physiological demands.
medulla oblongata, in the brain stem.
The primary respiratory centers are located in the brainstem, specifically in the pons and medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata houses the respiratory rhythmicity centers, which control the basic rhythm of breathing, while the pons contains the pneumotaxic and apneustic centers that help regulate the rate and depth of respiration. Together, these areas coordinate the automatic process of breathing in response to various physiological needs.
Medulla Oblongata
working on my circadian rhythmicity
The heart is the only organ containing cardiac muscle
The respiratory center, located in the brainstem, primarily consists of the medulla oblongata and pons. The medulla oblongata contains the rhythmicity center, which generates the basic rhythm of breathing, while the pons modulates this rhythm by fine-tuning the transition between inhalation and exhalation. Together, these areas help maintain consistent breathing patterns in response to various physiological demands.
there is a specific group of cells found in the medula (part of the brain stem) which regulate the rhythm of breathing, hence the name (of this cellular formation) the Medulary Rhythmicity Center.
Christopher John McCabe has written: 'Genetic aspects of rhythmicity in Drosophila melanogaster'
by breathing in lots of spores from the soil.
- rhythmicity : capability of rhythmic self-excitation therefore no need for external control -conductivity: conduction of action potential along specialised muscle cells. -excitability: ability of muscle fibers to get exited . -contractility; ability of cardiac muscle to contract . It also has a long refractory period meaning it cant tetanus
Kenneth Clarke Fisher has written: 'Heart rhythmicity of embryo fish. 1. The effect of temperature on te hear rate of trout embryos'
A goldfish's breathing rate can be determined by counting the amount of times the goldfish opens and closes its mouth within a set amount of time, ex. 92 breathes per minute.