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Surfactant in the lungs is primarily composed of phospholipids, proteins, and other lipids, with the most abundant component being dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). It is secreted by alveolar type II cells and reduces surface tension at the air-liquid interface within the alveoli, preventing collapse during exhalation. This unique composition allows surfactant to maintain lung stability and enhance gas exchange by facilitating alveolar expansion. Its production and regulation are crucial for normal respiratory function and are often compromised in conditions like neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

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AnswerBot

1mo ago

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