There are more than 80 types of HPV. About 30 of these types can be transmitted sexually, including those that cause genital warts (papillomas).
Yes, HPV can be dormant and undetected by a pap smear. A pap smear looks for damage to the cervix caused by HPV. It does not look for all subtypes of HPV or detect HPV infection.
HPV is harmful because some subtypes can increase the risk of genital, anal, and head and neck cancers. Warts themselves are a harmless annoyance.
There are around 120 different serovars of HPV and some do cause common warts and plantar warts. These are not sexually transmitted.
Certain types of HPV are considered "high-risk" HPV subtypes. These can cause cancerous changes in the cervix, anal and rectal tissue, and throat, as well as the vagina and penis.
High-risk subtypes of HPV may cause a variety of cancers. These include cervical, anal, vaginal, penile, and head and neck cancers.
The HPV test that may be done as a followup to an abnormal pap looks for high-risk (cancer causing) HPV. If the test is negative, you don't have high-risk HPV on the cervix, but you may be infected with low risk HPV subtypes, or infected in another location.
Different HPV vaccines protect against different numbers of subtypes. There have been bivalent and tetravalent vaccines on the market to date. A new 9-valent vaccine was just approved in late 2014.
A negative pap smear positive for high-risk HPV means that there were no abnormal cells (damage) noted, but the HPV result means that repeat testing or additional testing may be needed. The recommendations depend on your age and history.
They either drop your blood and/or have a swab in your pee hole then send it to lab
Certain "high-risk" subtypes of HPV can cause dysplasia at the cervix, anus, vaginal, throat, vulva, and penis. Not all dysplasia elsewhere in the body is caused by HPV.
Infection with HPV causes Cervical cancer. Only the high-risk subtypes, like 16 and 18, are associated with cancer.
A pap smear looks for signs of cervical cancer or precancerous problems on the cervix. It's meant to show which patients need further screening for these conditions. An HPV test done at the same time or just after the pap is typically done to look for high-risk (cancer causing) HPV subtypes. It may be ordered with or after the pap based on a woman's age, her pap history, or due to an inconclusive pap result. A negative HPV test in this context only says that the cervix is not infected with high-risk HPV subtypes; a negative test doesn't mean you don't have HPV, but just that there's no high-risk HPV on the cervix.