Kidney can form concentrated or dilute urine. But it has got it's own limitations for the same. So it can produce 22 liters/ day of urine to it's maximum capacity and minimum 500 ml/ day of urine is required to excrete to solutes including nitrogenous waste products. That is the capacity of kidney to concentrate urine.
The human body loses in total about 1.5L of urine per day, based on an adult (60kg).
The recommended daily water intake to prevent kidney stones is about 8-10 glasses, or 64-80 ounces, per day. Drinking enough water helps to dilute the substances in the urine that can lead to the formation of kidney stones.
Spot urine creatinine is a measure of the level of creatinine in a single urine sample collected at any time of the day. It is often used to assess kidney function and as a correction factor when analyzing other urine markers.
Sulfonamides are likely to precipitate in urine resulting in crystalluria.If the patient does not take adequate amounts of water(6-8 glasses/day) these are likely to aggregate into kidney stones
The amount of protein that can be lost in urine varies depending on several factors, including hydration, diet, and kidney health. Generally, healthy individuals excrete less than 150 mg of protein per day. Levels above this, known as proteinuria, can indicate underlying health issues, such as kidney disease or other medical conditions. If you have concerns about protein loss in urine, it's best to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.
Approximately 180 grams of glucose are filtered by the kidneys every day. However, almost all of this glucose is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream through the process of renal reabsorption, and very little is excreted in the urine.
Some possible symptoms of kidney disease includes changes in urination patterns (ie getting up more often to urinate at night or day), changes in urine (ie more foamy, lighter or darker color), blood in the urine, or have difficulty urinating. Note that a patient may also experience swelling due to the inability of the kidney to get rid of the urine, fatigue or pain in the flank (back/side), the kidney location. It is important to see your physician to see the real cause of your symptoms.
a whole bunch
To calculate urine protein per day, collect all urine produced in a 24-hour period. Measure the total protein concentration in a urine sample using a dipstick test or laboratory analysis. Multiply the concentration (usually in grams per liter) by the total volume of urine collected (in liters) to obtain the total protein excretion for that day. This value indicates the daily protein loss in urine, which can help assess kidney function.
A normal kidney typically contains about 1 to 1.5 liters of blood at any given time, as it processes around 20-25% of the body's blood supply. In terms of urine production, a healthy kidney can produce about 800 to 2,000 milliliters of urine per day, depending on fluid intake and other factors. The kidneys also filter about 50 gallons (approximately 190 liters) of blood daily, reabsorbing essential substances and excreting waste.
enough for you and me baby =D