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Cataract surgery does include risks of retinal problems. Despite this, the procedure is considered extremely safe. Following are the most commonly seen retinal issues after cataract surgery.

The most commonly encountered retinal issue after cataract surgery is macular edema (also known as Irvine-Gass syndrome). Although this can happen to anyone, it is more commonly seen among those who have a condition known as an epiretinal membrane (or "Cellophane Maculopathy"), Diabetes, or whose capsule ruptured during cataract surgery. Sometimes the condition will resolve on its own though the treatment of this condition often includes use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as topical steroids. Occasionally, an injection is given in the eye to resolve the macular swelling.

Less common, but more feared is retinal detachment. The retina can spontaneously detach from the back of the eye months to years after a successful cataract surgery. Even though the risk is small (1% to 2%), patients can have substantially and permanently reduced vision with retinal detachment if it is not urgently and successfully treated. Therefore, it is important to report floaters, light flashes and a curtain-like vision loss to the eye surgeon within 24 hours of onset of symptoms so immediate management may be rendered. People who are near-sighted (even if they had prior LASIK) are at a higher risk of retinal detachment.

Even less common is light toxicity from the microscope illumination system. With modern cataract surgery often taking less than 20 minutes this is now a very rare occurrence.

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