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Humans have a pair of kidneys. If one is malfunction, the other still will work.

However if both are malfunctuion, then there is nothing in the body that will cleanse the blood. Or rather, there is no way that the body will regulate the blood and rid of it's waste products that is constantly being stored in the body. The kidneys also have other functions such as regulating homeostasis, blood pressure and etc...

In renal failure, filtrate formation decreases or stops completely. Ionic and pH imbalances build up and wastes accumulate quickly in the blood. At this point, the treatment options are hemodialysis or a kidney transplant. Hemodialysis uses an artificial kidney to cleanse the blood.

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