Yes.
If your colon is removed and nothing else is done for you, you will die. In modern medicine removal of part or all of the colon is accompanied by provision of a colostomy or iliostomy, where the remaining end of the colon or of the small intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to the exterior. A replaceable bag is attached at that point to catch and accumulate the liquids that would otherwise pass through the colon to the rectum for elimination. The bag is emptied or replaced periodically. You may need to follow a different diet, depending on how much of the colon was removed, and will not have bowel movements (all that goes into the bag without your conscious control), but your life can be relatively normal as long as you take good care in cleaning the ostomy and in dealing with the bag.
colon resection or colostomy
When the large intestine is removed (total colectomy), the surgeon may create an ileostomy or colostomy to redirect stool to a stoma on the abdomen. This pouch collects waste, and the individual will need to wear a bag to collect the stool. Without the large intestine, digestion and absorption of water and nutrients may be affected, leading to changes in bowel movements and dietary requirements.
faeces
Yes it can
Mainstream medical experts do not advocate colon cleansing. Under normal circumstances, the body does not need special colon cleansing protocols. Some outside of mainstream medicine advocate colon cleanses, stating that toxins build up in the colon and need to be removed periodically.
The colon.
Colostomy Bag
The function of the colon is to absorb the water from the bowels. If this is removed you will have loose stools and watery stools and can sometimes cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
If only the sigmoid colon is removed, you may experience changes in bowel habits, such as looser stools or more frequent bowel movements. You may also need to adjust your diet to prevent constipation or diarrhea. In some cases, there may be changes in the absorption of water and nutrients from food, but these are usually well managed with dietary modifications.
When they remove the colon due to cancer etc, they give you a bag on the stomach where they have opened a hole and connected the duodenum to. Since the feces doesn't become hard until it reaches the colon it's not common to attach the duodenum to the rectum since it will all be loose, diarrhea. That is why a bag on the belly is better. However can it leak inside occasionally. If it's a lot you should see the doctor again but sometimes a little can seep out. It's annoying and you might have to wear protection like a small diaper for awhile.
Someone might need a colostomy if they have problems with their colon and all or part of it has to be removed. Bowel cancer is the most common cause but infections and blockages can also be responsible.