Is A sudden change to the brain due to either hemorrhage or blockage of an artery is called?

Ischemic cell change is caused by what?

A lack of blood flow, usually from a blockage in an artery.

What causes your blood to change color when it leaves your pulmonary artery?

oxygen

Which blood vessel supplies blood to the heart muscle?

The myocardium (muscle) that makes up the heart has its own blood supply called the coronary circulation. The coronary circulation comprises two main arteries; the left coronary artery and the right coronary artery. They branch off from the aorta (the biggest artery in the body!) really early on. The left coronary artery branches (into left marginal artery) to supply the left atrium and ventricle (chambers). The right coronary artery branches (into circumflex and left anterior descending) to supply the right atrium and ventricle and a bit of the left ventricle. Extra for experts: the way the coronary circulation is made up can change (just like people can be short or tall) because of genetic variability. So most people (about 70% off the top of my head) are "right dominant," because their right coronary artery branches to form the posterior interventricular artery. Some people are "left dominant" because their left coronary artery branches to form the posterior interventricular artery. So just remember Aorta --> left coronary artery --> left marginal --> right coronary artery --> circumflex + left anterior descending + the posterior interventricular artery from either left or right coronary artery Hope this helps :)

Why is it important for older persons to have a regular check up of blood pressure?

because of the gravity on earth and because utan mongos tag 5 takosalso because of the healthy dogs ang catsthank you

Why artery called resistance vessels?

The contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter, thus changing the level of pressure (large diameter yields low pressure and smaller diameter yields high pressure).

Angioplasty and stent placement - carotid artery?

DefinitionYou have an artery on each side of your neck called the carotid artery. This artery brings needed blood to your brain and face.The blood flow in this artery can become partly or totally blocked by fatty material called plaque. A partial blockage is called carotid artery stenosis (narrowing). A blockage in your carotid artery can reduce the blood supply to your brain. A stroke can occur if your brain does not get enough blood.There are two invasive ways to treat a carotid artery that is narrowed or blocked. One is surgery called endarterectomy. The other is a procedure called carotid angioplasty with stent placement.Carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) is done through a much smaller incision, by pushing instruments into your arteries:Your surgeon will make a surgical cut in your groin after using some numbing medicine. You will also be given medicine to relax you.Your surgeon will insert a catheter (a flexible tube) through the cut into an artery. The doctor will carefully guide the catheter up to your neck to the blockage in your carotid artery.Your surgeon will use live x-ray pictures to see your artery. This kind of x-ray is called fluoroscopy.Next, your surgeon will pass a guide wire through the catheter to the blockage. Another catheter with a very small balloon on the end will be pushed over the guide wire and into the blockage. Then the balloon will be blown up. The balloon presses against the inside wall of your artery. This opens the artery and restores proper blood flow to your brain.A stent (a wire mesh tube) may also be placed in the blocked area. The stent is inserted at the same time as the balloon catheter. It expands when the balloon is blown up. The stent is left in place to help keep the artery open. The surgeon then removes the balloon.Alternative NamesCarotid angioplasty and stenting; CAS; Angioplasty - carotid arteryDescriptionNarrowing or blockage of your carotid arteries increases the risk that you may have a stroke. Carotid angioplasty and stenting is one of several treatments for this blockage.There are several ways your doctor may know you have narrowing or blockage in your carotid artery. Two common ones are:You may have had symptoms of a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA, also called a ministroke). Some of these symptoms are weakness, blurred vision, confusion, or slurred speech.You may not have any symptoms, but your doctor may find a problem during a physical exam. Your doctor may hear something called a bruit when using a stethoscope to listen to your blood flow. A bruit is an abnormal, wind-like sound in your artery.Your doctor will need to do one or more tests to see how blocked one or both of your carotid arteries are.Other options that your doctor will discuss with you are:No treatment, other than checking your carotid artery with tests every yearMedicine and diet to lower your cholesterolBlood-thinning medicines to lower your risk of stroke, including aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), and warfarin (Coumadin)Tests will be done to check your carotid artery. Surgery or angioplasty to remove the buildup in your carotid artery may be done if the carotid artery is severely narrowed, or if the narrowing is moderate, but your doctor thinks you are at high risk of having a stroke.Carotid surgery(endarterectomy) is a safe surgery and is often the first invasive choice to treat carotid artery narrowing.If you have had a stroke, your doctor will consider whether treating your blocked artery with surgery is safe for you. Your doctor will compare your risk of having another stroke if you do not have surgery with the risk of having serious problems from the surgery itself.Carotid angioplasty and stenting is more likely to be used when carotid endarterectomy would not be safe.Why the Procedure Is PerformedArteries can become narrowed or blocked by deposits called plaque. Plaque is made up of fat and cholesterol that builds up on the inside of the artery walls. This condition is called atherosclerosis.Angioplasty with or without stenting may be used to treat:Persistent chest pain (angina) that medicines do not controlBlockage of one or more coronary arteries that puts you at risk for a heart attackBlockage in a coronary artery during or after a heart attackNot every blockage in the coronary arteries can be treated with angioplasty. Some patients who have many blockages or blockages in certain locations may need a coronary bypass (heart surgery).RisksThe risks for any anesthesia are:Allergic reactions to medicinesBreathing problemsThe risks for any surgery are:BleedingInfectionRisks of carotid surgery are:Allergic reaction to dye (only with carotid artery angioplasty)Blood clots or bleeding in the brain at the site of surgeryBrain damageHeart attackMore blockage of the carotid artery over timeSeizures (this is rare)Stroke (this is rare)Before the ProcedureYour doctor will do a thorough physical exam and several medical tests.Always tell your doctor or nurse what drugs you are taking, even drugs, supplements, or herbs you bought without a prescription.During the 2 weeks before your surgery:Days before the surgery, you may have to stop taking drugs that make it harder for your blood to clot. These include aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), clopidogrel (Plavix), naprosyn (Aleve, Naproxen), and other drugs like these.Ask your doctor which drugs you should still take on the day of your surgery.If you smoke, you need to stop. Ask your doctor or nurse for help quitting.Always let your doctor know about any cold, flu, fever, herpes breakout, or other illness you may have before your surgery.Do NOT drink anything after midnight the night before your surgery, including water.On the day of your surgery:Take the drugs your doctor told you to take with a small sip of water.Your doctor or nurse will tell you when to arrive at the hospital.After the ProcedureYou may have a drain in your neck that goes into your surgical cut. It will drain fluid that builds up in the area. It will be removed within a day.After surgery, your doctor may want you to stay in the hospital overnight so that nurses can watch you for any signs of bleeding, stroke, or poor blood flow to your brain. You may be able to go home the same day if your procedure is done early in the day and you are doing well.OutlookCarotid artery surgery may help lower your chance of having a stroke. But you will need to make lifestyle changes to help prevent plaque buildup, blood clots, and other problems in your carotid arteries over time. You may need to change your diet and start an exercise program if your doctor tells you exercise is safe for you.ReferencesInternational Carotid Stenting Study Investigators. Dobson EJ, Featherstone RL, Bonati LH, van der Worp HB, et al. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;375:985-997.Goldstein LB. Prevention and management of stroke. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: W.B. Saunders; 2007:chap 58.Mas JL, Chatellier G, Beyssen B, Branchereau A, Moulin T, Becquemin JP, et al. Endarterectomy versus stenting in patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1660-1671.Eckstein HH, Ringleb P, Allenberg JR, et al. Results of the Stent-Protected Angioplasty versus Carotid Endarterectomy (SPACE) study to treat symptomatic stenoses at 2 years: a multinational, prospective, randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7:893-902.Adams RJ, Albers G, Alberts MJ, Benavente O, Furie K, Goldstein LB, et al. Update to the AHA/ASA recommendations for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack. Stroke. 2008;39:1647-1652.Reviewed ByReview Date: 06/28/2011David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington.

Does hemorrhage with a large loss of blood cause a rise in BP due to change in cardiac output?

No, hemorrhage with a large loss of blood typically causes a decrease in blood pressure due to a reduction in blood volume and, consequently, cardiac output. As blood volume drops, the heart struggles to pump enough blood to maintain adequate pressure in the circulatory system. Initially, the body may compensate through mechanisms like increased heart rate and vasoconstriction, but severe hemorrhage ultimately leads to hypotension and shock.

What is a value that does not change called?

A value that does not change is called a constant.

What is called to change into a gas state to a liquid state is called?

This change is called condensation.

What is carotid baroreflexes?

There are receptors on the lining of the carotid artery that sense a change in blood pressure. When they are stimulated, they can cause a drop in blood pressure/heart rate.

Directional coronary atherectomy (DCA)?

Directional Coronary Atherectomy (DCA) is a minimally invasive procedure to remove the blockage from the coronary arteries and allow more blood to flow to the heart muscle and ease the pain caused by blockages.The procedure begins with the doctor injecting some local anesthesia into the groin area and putting a needle into the femoral artery, the blood vessel that runs down the leg. A guide wire is placed through the needle and the needle is removed. An introducer is then placed over the guide wire, after which the wire is removed. A different sized guide wire is put in its place.Next, a long narrow tube called a diagnostic catheter is advanced through the introducer over the guide wire, into the blood vessel. This catheter is then guided to the aorta and the guide wire is removed. Once the catheter is placed in the opening or ostium of one of the coronary arteries, the doctor injects dye and takes an x-ray.If a treatable blockage is noted, the first catheter is exchanged for a guiding catheter. Once the guiding catheter is in place, a guide wire is advanced across the blockage, then a catheter designed for lesion cutting is advanced across the blockage site. A low-pressure balloon, which is attached to the catheter adjacent to the cutter, is inflated such that the lesion material is exposed to the cutter.The cutter spins, cutting away pieces of the blockage. These lesion pieces are stored in a section of the catheter called a nosecone, and removed after the intervention is complete. Together with rotation of the catheter, the balloon can be deflated and re-inflated to cut the blockage in any direction, allowing for uniform debulking.A device called a stent may be placed within the coronary artery to keep the vessel open. After the intervention is completed the doctor injects contrast media and takes an x-ray to check for any change in the arteries. Following this, the catheter is removed and the procedure is completed.Reviewed ByReview Date: 05/23/2011Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A change of possession of the football can be called a?

A change of possession is called a Turnover.