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What type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia substitution deletion insertion mutagen?
The type of mutation that causes a defect in the gene (causing sickle cell anaemia) is a substitution mutation.A single nucleotide substitution (A to T) in the β-globin gene causes the amino acid valine to replace glutamic acid. This changes the resulting protein, causing a haemoglobin with an abnormal shape to be created.
How is sickle cell anemia an example of a pleiotropy?
Sickle cell anemia is an example of pleiotropy because the mutation in the hemoglobin gene affects multiple organ systems and physiological functions. Individuals with this condition not only experience anemia, but also suffer from pain crises, increased risk of infections, and complications in various organs like the lungs and kidneys. This single genetic mutation leads to diverse and far-reaching effects, illustrating how one gene can influence multiple traits and health outcomes.
What is a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin?
Sickle cell anemia causes sickle-shaped red blood cells. It is caused by a single base pair gene mutation.
What are survival values of sickle cell anemia?
A single copy of the gene results in a person who is unlikely to develop full-blown sickle-cell anaemia, but has a strong resistance to malaria.
Can a single gene can influence multiple traits?
Yes, a single gene can influence multiple traits through a concept called pleiotropy. This occurs when a gene has different effects on multiple phenotypic traits. An example of this is the gene responsible for sickle cell anemia, which can affect not only red blood cell shape but also resistance to malaria.
What is glutamate replaced by in sickle cell anemia?
In sickle cell anemia, glutamic acid is replaced by valine due to a single base change in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This substitution causes the hemoglobin protein to form abnormal sickle-shaped red blood cells, leading to the symptoms of the disease.
In which hereditary disease does abnormal hemoglobin differ from normal hemoglobin by only a single amino acid?
Sickle-cell anemia
Could the same genetic condition that causes sickle cell anemia can also protect against any other diseases?
A single sickle-cell gene protects against malaria. Two sickle-cell genes produce sickle-cell disease.
What is the mRNA sequence for a person with sickle cell anemia?
For sickle cell anemia, there is a single-point mutation in the beta-globin gene. The mutation causes a change in the mRNA sequence from GAG to GTG, resulting in the substitution of glutamic acid with valine at the 6th position of the beta-globin protein.
How does a person with sickle-cell allele differ from a person with two sickle-cell alleles?
If a person has a single sickle cell allele they will have some sickles red blood cells, and some normal red blood cells. This is the origami purpose that this evolved for. If a person had a single sickle cell allele, they will be mostly resistant to malaria. This is why sickle cell anemia is most prevalent in areas of the world where malaria is common. However, if a person has two sickle cell anemia alleles, they will have ONLY sickled red blood cells. The "sickling" of the red blood cells is caused by a mutation in the protien that the gene codes for. That protein is hemoglobin, which carries oxygen through the blood. If a person has sickle cell anemia, parts of their body wil not get enough oxygen. They can pass out, loose sensation in the limb, or even die from it. In short, a person with two alleles is sick, and a person with one allele is not.
Which types of mutation causes sickle cell anemia?
Sickle cell anemia is caused by a point mutation in the HBB gene, specifically a substitution of adenine for thymine in the sixth codon of the gene, resulting in the production of abnormal hemoglobin known as hemoglobin S.
How is gene involved in sickle cell anemia different from the genes for pea plants that mendel studied?
The gene involved in sickle cell anemia is the HBB gene, which encodes the beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin in humans and is associated with a specific mutation (a single nucleotide substitution) that leads to the disease. In contrast, the genes Mendel studied in pea plants, such as those for seed shape or flower color, are typically characterized by simple Mendelian inheritance patterns. While both types of genes follow genetic principles, the complexities of human genetics, including multiple alleles and interactions, make sickle cell anemia a more intricate trait than the traits Mendel observed in peas.
