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The brain is made up of two basic kinds of cells: neurons and glial cells. The human brain has about 100 billion neurons, according to some estimates (recent scientific experiments are now saying there may be fewer than that); the neurons are said to be assisted by trillions of glia, although again, recent scientific evidence indicates there may be fewer than once thought. But it remains a fact that neurons and glia depend on each other so that the brain will function properly. Neurons are the cells that relay messages about thinking, feeling, and doing. Glial cells perform a variety of brain functions: some make sure that electrical signals speed along the axon (a thin fiber with numerous branches that lead to distant parts of the body), others protect the neurons by defending against bacteria and viruses. Thus, while neurons often are better known, without the glia, the neurons would not work properly.

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