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What genetic disorder causes a defective gene that makes proteins necessary to pump chloride in and out of cells?
Cystic Fibrosis
What kind of molecule did scientists first believe carried information?
Proteins
What results in a defect in membrane proteins that normally function in chloride ion transport?
Defects in membrane proteins that normally function in chloride ion transport can result from mutations in genes coding for those proteins. These mutations can lead to altered protein structure or function, affecting the ability of the protein to transport chloride ions across the membrane correctly. This can result in conditions such as cystic fibrosis, where mutations in the CFTR gene lead to defective chloride ion transport.
Why will knowledge of the human genome enable scientists to better understand proteins involved in human diseases?
DNA contains the information used to make proteins.
What is cystic fibrosis and how do you get?
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in which certain proteins in the lungs are not functioning properly - you get it from inheriting the genes for the disease from your parents. The malfunctioning proteins result in accumulations of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs which must be coughed up regularly.
Having defective proteins in the cell membrane can cause disease?
True
What would be least affected by defective receptor proteins on a cell membrane?
The transport of nutrients and waste across the cell membrane would be least affected by defective receptor proteins. This is because transport proteins, not receptor proteins, are primarily responsible for moving molecules across the cell membrane.
This results from a defect in membrane proteins that normally function in chloride ion transport?
Cystic Fibrosis
Why do many inherited conditions result from defective enzymes?
Inherited condition result from defective enzymes because enzymes are proteins and genes encode them.
Which would least be affected by defective receptor proteins on a cell membrane?
Diffusion
How does a person becomes infected with cystic fibrosis?
The mother and father both have one mutated cystic fibrosis gene. If the child receives genes from the mother and the father that are both mutated, then the child will develop cystic fibrosis. If the child receives only one chromosome containing the CFTR(cystic fibrosis transport regulator: the gene that is mutated in cystic fibrosis), then the child will not develop CF. He will still have the CF gene, but it is a recessive trait, so you need two of these chromosomes that contain the mutated gene to develop the symptoms of CF and be affected by it. Use a punnet square if you still don't understand :)
What kind of molecule did scientist first believe carried genetics information?
Scientists first believed that proteins carried genetic information, believing they were more structurally complex and diverse than DNA at the time. This idea was known as the "protein first" hypothesis and was later disproved when DNA was discovered to be the molecule responsible for carrying genetic information.
