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Blood leaves the heart in arteries at very high pressure. Once the blood has gone through the capillaries and entered the veins, the pressure is lower, because the blood has travelled further. Veins are adapted for this decrease in pressure in two main ways. Firstly, they have a larger lumen relative to that of arteries, to allow more blood through in a given time. Secondly, veins have valves to prevent the backflow of blood; this is especially necessary in the legs, where venal blood is travelling against gravity.

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16y ago

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