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Temperature affects every single aspect of the human body. Regarding your hands, cold temperatures typically cause your body to shunt blood away from the non-vital parts of your body (as the body itself sees it) which causes your hands to have decreased circulation to all the tissue, including the muscles in your hands, due to what's called vasoconstriction, or constriction of the blood vessels. To put it simply, the decreased circulation causes the muscles to grow "cold" and become stiff. Hypothermia takes this concept into a larger degree. The lower the bodies temperature, the more noticeable the effects of muscles. The muscles themselves require a reaction of calcium ions and chemical reactions at the molecular level, along with a nervous impulse from the brain to work. Since a normal healthy body operates efficiently at 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit, naturally a decrease in the bodies internal temperature would decrease this efficiency slowing the nervous impulse from the brain that is required to initiate the chemical reactions in the muscles themselves to initiate. As the body grows colder in a hypothermic environment, the impulses from the brain slow dramatically causing miscoordination, and muscle weakness. Heat causes vasodilation, or, dilation of the blood vessels resulting in increased blood flow. This is one of the mechanisms the body uses to cool itself off. If the temperature outside the body gets hot enough, the body distributes the blood which is maintained at 98.6 by the hypothalamus of the brain, throughout the body in an attempt to cool the body off. This along with sweating plays a major role in temperature regulation within the body.

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