it specifically recognise the antigenic determinants called epitopes and the similar sequence of that particular epitope will be produced by the antibody at is variable region(specifically hypervariable region) whch make an antibody to get more affinity over that particular antigen..almost antibodies are available for almost all the antigens in our body(memory cells)and they starts increasing in numbr once an antigen enters our body
T cells are the lymphocytes contained in the thymus gland that act on antigens. They undergo maturation and selection processes in the thymus to ensure they can recognize and respond to specific antigens. These T cells play a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and attacking cells infected with pathogens.
The white blood cells responsible for recognizing and destroying foreign antigens are called lymphocytes. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells, which produce antibodies to tag antigens for destruction, and T cells, which directly attack and destroy cells that are infected or presenting foreign antigens.
lymph nodes
Lymphocytes
t cells
This describes the role of antibodies in the immune response. Antibodies bind to antigens, such as viruses or bacteria, and either mark them for destruction by other immune cells or neutralize their effects. This process helps the immune system to recognize and eliminate harmful invaders.
Lymphocytes that act directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals that are toxic to them are called T4 cells. They are also known as T helper cells.
the B-cells.
T lymphocytes are characterized by a round or oval nucleus with a small amount of cytoplasm. They have cell surface receptors that can recognize specific antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells. T lymphocytes differentiate into various subsets such as helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory T cells, and memory T cells.
dendritic cells. These cells play a crucial role in activating T lymphocytes and initiating an immune response against foreign antigens by presenting antigens to the T cell receptors (TCR) on the surface of T lymphocytes. This interaction leads to the activation and proliferation of specific T cell populations to combat the invading pathogen.
Macrophages ingest microorganisms and cellular debris. Lymphocytes monitor the lymphatic stream for the presence of antigens and mount an immune response. Because there are fewer efferent vessels draining the node than afferent vessels that feed it, the flow of lymph through the node stagnates somewhat, allowing time for the lymphocytes and macrophages to work.
the antigens