They are birth abnormalities. They may be caused by many things, genes from both parents, alcohol or drugs during pregnancy, infections such as Rubella during pregnancy.
In many cases the cause is not known, and cannot be found out by blood tests etc.
Ultimately, you just have to put it down to bad luck.
congenital anomalies/malformations
Congenital malformations refer to structural abnormalities that are present at birth, resulting from issues during fetal development. These malformations can affect any part of the body, including organs, limbs, and facial features, and can vary in severity. They may arise from genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. Some congenital malformations can lead to functional impairments or require medical intervention, while others may have minimal impact on health.
Professor E.G Knox has written: 'Epidemiology of congenital malformations'
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The ten leading causes of infant deaths in the Philippines in 2004 were: * bacterial sepsis of new born * respiratory distress of newborn * pneumonia * disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight not elsewhere classified * congenital pneumonia * congenital malformations of the heart * neonatal aspiration syndrome * other congenital malformations * other perinatal condition * diarrhea and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin.
The ten leading causes of infant deaths in the Philippines in 2003 were: * pneumonia * bacterial sepsis of new born * congenital malformations of the heart * diarrhea and gastroenteritis of presumed infectious origin * congenital pneumonia * other congenital malformations * respiratory distress of newborn * neonatal aspiration syndrome * disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight not elsewhere classified * other perinatal conditions.
Dandy-Walker syndrome refers to a group of specific, congenital (present at birth) brain malformations, and is a common cause of hydrocephalus (increased fluid in the brain)
Jessie Stevenson West has written: 'Congenital malformations and birth injuries' -- subject(s): Birth injuries, Human Abnormalities, Nursing
Cardiovascular malformations are well-recognized congenital anomalies in Turner syndrome. Dilation and dissection of the aorta are reported in approximately half of women with Turner syndrome
Most familial cerebral cavernous malformations are present at birth (congenital). They are thought to arise between three and eight weeks of gestation, although the exact mechanism of CCM formation is not understood.
Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage or brain malformations. There are genetic abnormalities which can cause the brain to develop abnormally. Exposure to toxins can interfere with the proper development of the unborn baby's brain. It is not infectious.
Yes, animals can and do become ill from a variety of pathogens. Common pathogens of animals include bacteria, viruses and parasites; less common pathogens include fungi and prions. Animals are also susceptible to congenital malformations, degenerative and auto-immune diseases, cancer and trauma.