What are diseases that are viral and bacterial?

Answer 1

# Chickenpox # Cholera # Common cold (influenza) # Diphtheria # Mumps # Polio # Rubella (German measles)

# Scarlet fever # Whooping cough # Smallpox (appears to have been eradicated) # Typhoid # Tetanus # HIV/AIDS

Answer 2

It is important to make ; at the beginning; a distinction between what viruses are ; and what bacteria are.

Viruses are submicroscopic and non-motile. Their size range is usually from about 20 billionths of a metre (nm) ; to 100 nm. The consist of a capsid; which may or may not be surrounded by a cell-derived membrane; and some type of information coding nucleic acid inside. The viral surface possesses particular protein "spikes" that are specific to a type of cell. They attach themselves to the host organism (bacterial; fungal; plant or animal cell); using the normal receptors on the cell surface; after which they insert; via various mechanisms; their DNA or RNA ; depending on the type of virus. Viruses have been selected through evolution to "hijack" the normal cellular machinery and use it to make copies of themselves. Some specialized viruses; like the Retroviruses; including HTLV and HIV; write their RNA code in the reverse of "normal" fashion; creating a more or less permanent copy of their code in the living cell; which may or may not produce more virions during any given time period. Death results from exhaustion of cell ATP by the very high requirements of producing viral proteins ..as well as cell lysis by emerging virions; which tears open the cell membrane or even co-opts it for the new viruses; (see HIV replication). Viruses can be considered to be nonliving in the sense that they absolutely require living cells to replicate; and are otherwise inert; and can even be kept crystallized in some cases for long periods of time.

Some animal diseases that are caused by viruses include: Hepatitis; the Common Cold (not caused by a single virus) ; Rabies; Polio; Yellow Fever; Ebola (and the related Marburg Virus) Vesicular Stomatitis; Smallpox; (considered eradicated); the related Cowpox; Measles; Chickenpox; AIDS; Four Corners Virus (Hantavirus or Sin Nombre Virus); Machupo Virus and Equine Encephalitis.

Herpes Simplex I and II; Cervical cancer (via Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)) and the various forms of Influenza.

There are also plant diseases causes by viruses; eg: Tomato Bushy Stunt virus; Tobacco Mosaic Virus (the very first virus of any kind isolated); and the so-called Damping-Off Virus of young plant shoots including Basil (O.basilicum).

Bacteria; in constrast to viruses; are often mobile via flagella ; and are most often independent living cells. Their destruction of tissue usually results from the production of toxins such as Cholera Toxin and Botulinum toxin.

Bacteria usually are found in the size range 10 um (millions of a metre up ) up to 100 um; and can exhibit a huge diversity of forms; eg. Cocci (spherical ; or in clusters as Staphylococci); Spirochetes (eg. the causative agent of Syphillis Treponema pallidum)

Bacilli (rod shaped bacteria) or the very tiny Mycobacteria which are often obligate parasites in white cells and others. Many bacteria form resistant spores which can last for many years and retain infectivity.

It should be emphasized that the vast majority of bacteria on the planet (est. 10 million species) are non-pathogenic ; and many are beneficial to man and even necessary.

Some animal diseases caused by bacteria include: Plague (Yersinia pestis); Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) .Tuberculosis and Leprosy (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M.leprae; respectively); Impetego (Streptococcus pyogenes) ; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia spp.)Cholera (Vibrio cholerae) ; Enteritis (various subspecies of Eschericia coli) ; Salmonellosis (food poisoning) caused by Salmonella typhinurium and Botulism (severe food poisoning) caused by Clostridium botulinum and the related Gangrene caused by Clostridium perfringens (both of which are anaerobic; or oxygen-avoiding ; bacteria).and Pneumonia (Pneumonococcus spp.)