Flaws in diamonds occur when the lattice structure is not fully formed.
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"Crystal System is isometric; 4/m bar 3 2/m; Crystal Habits include isometric forms such as cubes and octahedrons, twinning is also seen."
To find flaws in a diamond, you can use a jeweler's loupe or a microscope to examine the stone closely. Look for inclusions (internal flaws) or blemishes (external flaws) that may affect the diamond's clarity and overall quality. A certified gemologist can also perform a thorough inspection to identify and assess any flaws present in the diamond.
The plural noun is spelled "flaws" (imperfections, blemishes).
Clarity for a diamond describes the number and amount of flaws or inclusions in a stone. Perfect clarity -- the lack of any flaws or inclusions -- is called Flawless, or Internally Flawless, which is the highest clarity grade.
Gem-stone diamond clarity is documented by a certified gemologist -- with an 'important diamond', potentially more than one gemologist -- according to a scale.From Wikipedia:"Diamond clarity is a quality of diamonds relating to the existence and visual appearance of internal characteristics of a diamond called inclusions, and surface defects called blemishes. ... Inclusions may be crystals of a foreign material or another diamond crystal, or structural imperfections such as tiny cracks that can appear whitish or cloudy. The number, size, color, relative location, orientation, and visibility of inclusions can all affect the relative clarity of a diamond. A clarity grade is assigned based on the overall appearance of the stone under ten times magnification."You can read more, below.
Diamonds are graded for clarity under 10x loupe magnification. Clarity grades range from Internally Flawless, diamonds which are completely free of blemishes and inclusions even under 10x magnification, to Imperfect 3, diamonds which possess large, heavy blemishes and inclusions that are visible to the naked eye.Here is a list of clarity grades:FL: Completely flawlessIF: Internally flawless; only external flaws are present, which can be removed by further polishing the stoneVVS1 - VVS2: Only an expert can detect flaws with a 10X microscope. By definition, if an expert can see a flaw from the top of the diamond, it is a VVS2. Otherwise, if an expert can only detect flaws when viewing the bottom of the stone, then it is a VVS1VS1 - VS2: You can see flaws with a 10X microscope, but it takes a long time (more than about 10 seconds)SI1 - SI2: You can see flaws with a 10X microscopeI1 - I3: You can see flaws with the naked eye. Consider avoiding I2-I3 diamonds.
A blemish is a flaw. 'Unblemished' means to not have blemishes or flaws.
Gem cutters cut flaws out of stones using diamond cutting tools, so that the finished diamond gem stone has no flaws. Or, a diamond is cut so that the flaws are the least visible. Note that diamonds can be treated, but not necessarily to hide flaws: treated diamonds change colours and the clarity is usually not affected. Rubies, however, are generally treated to hide flaws. Read more about treating rubies, below.
Gemologists have a list of flaws, one for external flaws and another for internal flaws. From the Wikipedia page:"External flaws include blemishes, scratches, extra facets, fracture, 'fingerprints' pits, nicks, naturals, carbons and chips.Internal flaws include crystal/mineral inclusions, pinpoint inclusions, needles, cloud, knots, grain lines, feathers, intergrowths, cleavage, etch channel and bearding."
'Clean diamond' is a term used by a non-gemologist to express an opinion about the lack of visible flaws in a diamond.
A diamond's clarity refers to how many inclusions (spots and flaws) are in a stone. Fewer inclusions means a more valuable diamond but flaws don't necessarily reduce a diamond's beauty, especially if they can't be seen by the naked eye.
The clarity grade of a diamond is determined by the number, and visibility, of its natural inclusions. Diamond clarity is rated using a 10x loupe, as a standard.Inclusions exist inside a diamond, or on its surface, and may be present in various forms, which include:pinpoints (white dots)carbon (black dots)feathersbubblescrystalscracksscratcheschipsYou can read more about diamond clarity, below.
The cut clarity colour is used when making, producing, and selling, diamonds. The cost and importance of the diamond depends on all three, the cut, clarity, and colour, of each and every diamond.