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The two main causes of atherosclerosis are high levels of cholesterol in the blood and inflammation of the arterial walls. Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can lead to the buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) in the arteries, while inflammation can damage the endothelial lining, making it easier for these plaques to form. Other contributing factors include hypertension, smoking, Diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle. Together, these factors promote the narrowing and hardening of arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

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