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The two hit hypothesis of schizophrenia postulates that there are two different yet necessary malfunctions in the brain that cause schizophrenia. The first happens while a baby is still inside the womb. This could be from faulty genetics, bad brain cells, lack of oxygen during birth or even drugs or infections the mother might have in her body. The second hit happens later in life due to the brain changing as it grows, a major life stressor such as a young adult going to college or taking on a job after high school. The brain must be faulty and unable to process stress correctly (1st hit) so that when life stress happens (2nd) hit schizophrenia symptoms begin to come out.

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