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Gas movement in the lungs during gas exchange is primarily driven by differences in partial pressures of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli, where its partial pressure is higher, into the blood, while carbon dioxide moves from the blood, where its partial pressure is higher, into the alveoli to be exhaled. This process occurs passively through diffusion, following the concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached. Additionally, the mechanics of breathing, involving the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, facilitate the movement of air in and out of the lungs.

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3w ago

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