Antibodies are produced by a specific type of lymphocyte known as B cells, or B lymphocytes. When activated by an antigen, B cells differentiate into plasma cells, which are the effector cells that secrete antibodies. These antibodies then target and help neutralize pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, contributing to the immune response.
B lymphocytes (B cells) are the white blood cells that give rise to plasma cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies. When B cells encounter a specific antigen, they can differentiate into plasma cells, which secrete large quantities of antibodies tailored to that antigen. This process is essential for the adaptive immune response, providing long-lasting immunity against pathogens.
Stem cells that produce lymphocytes are primarily found in the bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow give rise to various blood cells, including lymphocytes, which are crucial for the immune response. Additionally, lymphocytes further mature in the thymus (in the case of T cells) and in peripheral lymphoid organs like the spleen and lymph nodes.
Hormones are biological chemicals that are found in plants and animals. Hormones are produced by living cells.They are used to send messages to other cells. These messages can be sent to nearby cells or to far-away cells. If a cell wants to send a message to a nearby cell, it puts the hormone into the tissue around it. If an animal's cell a message to a far-away cell, it puts the hormone into the blood. When a hormone is put in the blood it goes to all parts of the animal's body. Sometimes the cell that gets the message can even be the same cell that made the hormone (and sent the message.)The cell or tissue that gets the message is called the target cell.Many different kinds of cells can send a message. There are some kinds of cells whose main job is to make hormones. When many of these cells are together in one place, it is called a gland. Glands are groups of cells that make something and release it (put it outside the cell). Some glands make hormones.Endocrine means something that is made by cells and released into the blood or tissue. So endocrine glands form hormones and release them into the blood or tissue. The opposite word is exocrine and means released outside of the body. An example of exocrine is sweat glands or saliva glands. When people say endocrine they usually mean glands that make hormones.//
The parenchyma cells tissues give rise to the cork cambium.
Are called stem cells. These cells are either totipotent (can give rise to all types of cells of that organism) or pluripotent (can give rise to many, but not all types of cells of that organism).
The interstitial cells of Leydig in the testicles produce testosterone.
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Memory cells arise from B cells and T cells following a primary immune response. When these lymphocytes encounter their specific antigen, they undergo clonal expansion and differentiation, resulting in the formation of effector cells and a subset of long-lived memory cells. These memory cells persist in the body and enable a quicker and more robust response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen.
As far as I know they are called osteoprogenitors.
Yes
Perhaps you are thinking of stem cells.
hydrocarbon chain shapes