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slow twitch and fast twitch
Slow twitch and fast twitch A muscle fibers.
The three type of muscle fibers are fast-twitch, slow-twitch, and hybrid.
There are two broad types of voluntary muscle fibers: slow twitch and fast twitch. Slow twitch fibers contract for long periods of time but with little force while fast twitch fibers contract quickly and powerfully but fatigue very rapidly.
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Slow twitch muscle fibers have more mitochondria compared to fast twitch muscle fibers because they rely more on aerobic metabolism for energy production, which requires a higher number of mitochondria to generate ATP efficiently.
Fast twitch fibers are lighter in color than slow twitch fibers primarily due to their lower myoglobin content. Myoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen, is abundant in slow twitch fibers, giving them a darker appearance and enabling sustained aerobic activity. In contrast, fast twitch fibers rely more on anaerobic metabolism for quick bursts of energy, resulting in less myoglobin and a lighter color. This structural difference reflects their distinct functional roles in muscle activity.
Fast twitch muscle fibres are ones used for sudden bursts of physical activity, such as sprinting or weight lifting. Slow twitch muscle fibres meanwhile are designed for extended periods of contraction, such as keeping a person's head supported or maintaining a standing posture. Physiological differences between the two fibres are largely down to their different energy requirements. Slow twitch fibres have more surrounding capillaries, more mitochondria and a larger amount of myoglobin within the muscle (causing them to be red in color). Meanwhile fast twitch fibres have a store of glycogen to provide a quick burst of energy when the muscles come into action.
Strength and power exercise like weight lifting requires the explosive release of energy yielded by fast-twitch muscle fibers. Slow-twitch muscles are involved in endurance activity.
Fast-twitch muscle fibers.
Type I muscles
They contract very quickly