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The disease in which people starve themselves, occasionally to death, is often called anorexia, however, anorexia is just characterized as a lack of appetite. The two diseases that cause serious problems are...

Anorexia NervosaThis is the common form of anorexia. It's characterized by excessive weight loss and an outright, irrational fear of gaining weight. People who suffer from this, refuse to eat, or they refuse to eat enough, and in turn become malnourished. On account of their fear of gaining weight, in their minds, they'll be unattractive if they eat. Unfortunately, malnourishment causes several metabolic and hormonal disorders which can cause hair loss, missed periods, if the person suffering is a female, bad breath, swollen joints, etc. What I just listed are some physical manifestations of anorexia nervosa. However, as it is a psychological disorder, there are also psychological symptoms. Such as obsession with fat content, calories, and nutritional value. Anorexia Nervosa patients may also cook elaborate, bountiful feasts for others while not eating any thing them self. Anorexia Nervosa also causes a warped perspective of the patient's own self. Basically this means that no matter how much they diet, they always think they look bad. And eventually, this becomes a reality due to the sickly appearance of Anorexia Nervosa patients. Anorexia MirabilisThis is the other main branch of anorexia, but this one is much, much less common. Anyway, 'Anorexia Mirabilis' literally translates to 'Miraculous lack of appetite.' It was prevalent in the middle ages among religious women that starved themselves and claimed that they gained spiritual insight from starving themselves. However, these were probably just delusions due to malnourishment and constant hunger. This form of anorexia, thankfully, faded out during the Renaissance when the church started seeing this as dangerous, and, possibly, a satanic interference. Luckily, in the 20th century, it is virtually non-existant. Nevertheless, modern cases of Anorexia Mirabilis do occur, but they are astronomically rare.
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