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Each kidney has millions of tiny filtration units called glomeruli. These glomeruli filter out wastes from the blood and pass them on through the ureters to the bladder, for you to pass as urine.

In addition to filtering the blood, your kidneys are also responsible for maintaining a proper balance of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus in your body. They also help your body maintain the proper amount of red blood cells. That's why people whose kidneys have failed and have to go on dialysis have to watch their intake of sodium, phosphorus, and potassium, and why many dialysis patients are anemic.

Blood entering the kidneys goes into a system of very narrow high pressure blood vessels, these allow various waste products to pass into the ureters, which lead to the bladder.

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