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Hyperkalemia or the condition of high levels of potassium in your serum can be caused by a number of things including diuretics like spironolactone or an ACE inhibitor, exogenous potassium ingestion, iatragenic administration of potassium chloride (KCl), other medications like NSAIDs or bactrim, type 4 renal tube acidosis, adrenal insufficiency, and rhabdomyolysis. Hyperkalemia can result in fatal heart arrhythmias. Lethal injection in the US is accomplished by injecting potassium chloride into the circulatory system.

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