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Short Answer:

By weight, oxygen makes up approximately 65% of the human body.

Numerically, hydrogen approaches 65% of the total number of atoms in the human body, but it is probably closer to 63% for most people.

Accounting by Mass:

The mass of the human body is provided mostly by oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen. Together these elements account for about 96% of the mass of a human.

Add in about a kilogram of calcium in the bones and body fluids and you are up to 97.4%. All of this depends on the particular person since water, our major component, can differ by 10% from one individual to another.

That said, typically the breakdown goes like this.

Oxygen: 65% of the mass

Carbon: 18% of the mass

Hydrogen: 10% of the mass

Nitrogen: 3% of the mass

Calcium: 1.4 % of the mass

Phosphorus 1.1% of the mass

With phosphorus, one has accounted for 98.5% of the mass of the typical human and that will change by a couple of tenths from person to person.

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