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Lithium, usually taken in the form of its carbonate salt was the first effective mood stabilizer discovered. Lithium was accidentally found to be sedating in mice while attempting to study the effects of urea on them. This observation eventually lead to trying it in the treatment of the manic phase of Bipolar disorder, but it was actually found to limit both manic and depressive phases.

Now there are many other mood stabilizers available to pick from, most of these new ones were originally antiseizure medications used to treat epilepsy.

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