The adrenal glands
epinephrine and norpepinephrine
Epinephrine crosses the blood-brain barrier and activates adrenergic receptors in the brain, particularly in the limbic system and hypothalamus. This leads to increased alertness, attention, and arousal, as well as changes in mood and behavior. Additionally, epinephrine can enhance memory formation and consolidation in the brain.
Adrenal Glands
Epinephrine binds to its receptor on the cell membrane, activating the G protein coupled receptor. This leads to activation of adenylyl cyclase, which produces cyclic AMP (cAMP). cAMP activates protein kinase A, which phosphorylates target proteins to carry out the cellular response, such as glycogen breakdown in muscle cells.
Anatomically, the adrenal medulla develops from neural crest tissue, and it is directly controlled by sympathetic NS. The medullary cells respond to this stimulation by releasing epineprhrine (80%) or norepinephrine (20%), which can act in conjunction with the sympathetic NS to elicit the fight-or-flight response to stressors.epinephrine, from the adrenal medulla.Norepinephrine/Noradrenaline working with Epinephrine/Adrenalineepinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenaline
When you are afraid or angry, the adrenal gland produces adrenaline and cortisol. Adrenaline is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate and blood flow to muscles to prepare the body for action. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism and suppresses non-essential functions in times of stress.
Potassium produces potassium hydroxide when reacted with water. It can also form various salts, such as potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, and potassium sulfate, when combined with other elements or compounds.
When potassium metal reacts with water, it produces a lilac-colored flame. This flame color is a result of the energy released during the chemical reaction between potassium and water.
Potassium permanganate with hydrogen peroxide produces more pure oxygen than potassium permanganate solution with C12H22O11.
Potassium hydroxide can be made by reacting potassium carbonate with calcium hydroxide. This reaction produces potassium hydroxide and calcium carbonate as byproducts.
Potassium sulfate can be made by reacting potassium chloride with sulfuric acid. The reaction produces potassium sulfate and hydrochloric acid as byproduct. The potassium sulfate can then be extracted and purified.