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Parkinson's disease is primarily associated with damage to the substantia nigra, a region of the brain that plays a crucial role in movement control. This damage leads to a deficiency of dopamine, a neurotransmitter essential for coordinating smooth and controlled movements. As a result, individuals with Parkinson's disease experience symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). Over time, the disease can also affect other brain regions, contributing to a range of non-motor symptoms.

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