What is a Myoma?

Answer 1

A myoma or Leiomyoma is a benign uterine smooth muscle neoplasm typically originating from the myometrium. Grossly they are round, pearly white, firm, rubbery tumors that on cut-surface display a whorled pattern. Histologically, leiomyomas contain elongated smooth muscle cells aggregated in bundles that swirl and intersect at right angles to one another.

They are said to be are estrogen- and progesterone-sensitive tumors developing in reproductive years then regressing after menopause.

Classified into the ff:

1. Subserosal - originate from myocytes adjacent to the uterine serosa, and their growth is directed outward, the are called pedunculated if they are attached only by a stalk from the myometrium.
2. Intramural - Growth centered within the uterine walls.
3. Submucusal - proximate to the endometrium and grow toward and bulge into the endometrial cavity

They may present with bleeding, pelvic discomfort, dysmenorrhea, infertility, and pregnancy wastage.