an axon
It's called an axon.
nerve impulses
They are called "nerve impulses"
nerve impulses
Some nerve cells have fibers that grow out of the cell, which are called axons. Axons allow a nerve cell to connect to distant parts of the body, so that cells in the brain can send messages to, and receive messages from a toe, for example, which might be six feet away from the brain. Other nerve cells just connect to their immediate neighboring nerve cells, and therefore do not require axons; they instead have smaller extensions called dendrites.
Short branched extensions that carry impulses towards the nerve cell body are called dendrites.
optic nerve
Olfactory Nerve
Unmyelinated nerve fibers conduct impulses more slowly than myelinated nerve fibers. Myelinated nerve fibers have a fatty substance called myelin sheath that allows for faster transmission of impulses compared to unmyelinated fibers without this sheath.
The olfactory nerve carries impulses from odor-detecting cells to the brain.
The Optic Nerve
A long nerve fiber that conveys electrical impulses to other cells is called an axon. Axons are part of nerve cells (neurons) and are responsible for transmitting signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Some axons can be quite long, extending from the brain or spinal cord to distant parts of the body.