Antigen
An antigen is a substance that triggers an immune response in the body, by stimulating the production of antibodies. This response helps the body to recognize and destroy harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or foreign substances.
Interferon is the substance that causes noninfected cells to form an antiviral protein. It is produced by the immune system in response to viral infections and helps neighboring cells defend against viral invaders.
an antigen
Antigen
An antigen is a substance that produces an immune response in the body, typically by binding to specific antibodies or activating immune cells. This immune response is essential for recognizing and eliminating foreign substances such as pathogens.
Food allergies occur when the immune system mounts an attack on certain proteins in certain foods. The substances in the food that trigger this immune-system response are called allergens. The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that help defend the body against foreign substances. When a properly functioning immune system detects a foreign substance, it responds to this threat by producing proteins called antibodies against the invaders. The antibodies will recognize and attack this foreign substance when they next encounter it. This "battle" is what causes the allergy symptoms.
lymph
The lack of an immune response to a foreign compound entering the body is called "tolerance." This phenomenon can occur naturally, as in the case of self-tolerance, where the immune system does not attack the body's own tissues. It can also be induced artificially, such as in the context of organ transplants or certain therapies, where the goal is to prevent an immune response against a foreign substance.
An overreaction of the immune system to an otherwise harmless substance is called an allergic reaction. In allergies, the immune system mistakenly identifies the harmless substance as a threat and produces an exaggerated response, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, itching, or hives.
A substance that reacts with the products of a specific immune response.
Immune System
Depending on the exact response, the substance is generally called a pathogen, yet more specifically depending on the nature of the response and origin of the substance, could be an antigen, allergen, carcinogen, etc.