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maximum speed limit when driving on a taxiway or inactive runway is


What is an inactive substance used to satisfy a patient's desire for medication?

Could be Placebo


What is another word for placebo?

Sugar pill, inactive drug/medicine/substance...


What is attenuated flu vaccine?

Attenuated simply means "weakened". An attenuated flu vaccine refers to vaccines made with live viruses (so you get a good immune response), but they have been weakened chemically so that they are unable to give you the flu. There are two types of flu vaccines available in the US. What is called inactivated, inactive or "dead" vaccine and what is called "live", weakened/attenuated vaccine. The injectable vaccines (intradermal and intramuscular) are made with "dead" viruses and the nasal spray is made with "live" attenuated viruses.


How are viruses attenuated?

Attenuated simply means "weakened". Vaccines made with attenuated pathogens, such as the flu virus in flu nasal mist vaccines in the US, work like any vaccine to trigger an immune response so that your body builds up antibodies to be immune to the virus (or whatever pathogen is intended to be prevented). Flu vaccines made for injection, for example, are made with inactive viruses that are either "dead" or are pieces of the virus that are incomplete so they can not cause disease but can trigger the proper immune response and antibody development. Other vaccines, like the flu nasal mist, use whole, "live" viruses in the vaccine preparation to get a better response and, in those vaccinations, the live viruses are weakened so that they can not make you ill but can cause the proper immunity to be developed.See the related questions below for more detailed information.


What are vacc ines for?

Vaccines are biological preparations designed to provide immunity against specific infectious diseases. They work by stimulating the immune system to recognize and fight pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria, without causing the disease itself. By introducing weakened or inactive components of the pathogen, vaccines prepare the body to respond more effectively if exposed to the actual disease in the future. This helps prevent illness, reduces transmission, and contributes to public health by promoting herd immunity.


What are substances made from dead viruses?

Vaccines for the prevention of the specific viral infection can be made with inactive "dead" viruses. They are also made with live, but attenuated (weakened), viruses. See more below about vaccines.


Immunizations have small doses of what in them?

Parts of individual bacteria or viruses that have been killed and broken up into inactive bits. The immune system can recognize them and develop immunity.


Does an injection of antibodies produce active immunity?

No. When you are immunized you are injected with an inactive version of the virus so your body learns how to fight it off and you become permanently immune.


What is the difference between live vaccine and dead vaccine?

Vaccines are usually small amount of the disease you are trying to prevent. Introducing small amounts of the virus or bacteria, whether it is live or inactive, stimulate your immune system to strengthen its defenses against that germ.


What is the difference between active immunity and inactive immunity?

Active immunity occurs when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen and produces its own antibodies in response, often following vaccination or natural infection. This type of immunity is long-lasting, as memory cells are created to recognize the pathogen in future encounters. In contrast, passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from another source, such as through maternal antibodies in breast milk or antibody treatments; it provides immediate but temporary protection since the recipient's immune system does not produce its own antibodies.


Why is a vaccine sometimes referred to as artificial immunity?

Quite simply put. The vaccine is actually an inactive virus which basically gives your body a road map in which to fight off the attacking virus.