Oxophthalmia, more commonly known as anophthalmia, is a rare congenital condition characterized by the absence of one or both eyes. It results from developmental anomalies during early fetal growth, affecting the formation of the eye structures. Individuals with oxophthalmia may experience various visual impairments and may also have associated anomalies in other parts of the body. Treatment often involves supportive care, prosthetic eyes, and addressing any accompanying health issues.