arterial blood
It is generally recommended to avoid collecting a stool sample while on your period, as menstrual blood can contaminate the sample and affect the test results. It is best to wait until after your period has ended to collect the stool sample.
Differential media
It is important because capillaries do most of their work of exchanging gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide, by diffusion, which works best under less pressure. ???That is not quite right. Exchange of gases occurs when there are different concentrations in a given sample and it has nothing to do with pressure. Filtration occurs under different pressure, diffusion happens regardless of pressure.
The word hypertension means high or elevated blood pressure. The method of determination would be to take a resting blood pressure. The best method would be to take the blood pressure measurement everyday at the same time of the day and trend the progress.
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In patients? I assume. There are a couple of ways. The easiest is to place a probe on a finger (or ear lobe) that has a red light. Because blood with oxygen is differently colored than blood without oxygen, the light coming through the finger or ear lobe will vary, depending on the amount of oxygen in the blood. The machine correlates the color to the percentage of hemoglobin molecules that are carrying oxygen. Anything about 96% is good. The older method involves a "blood gas" sample, which is drawn from an artery, usually the radial artery in your wrist (the pulse on the thumb side). The sample is taken to the lab, where the type and amount of gases in the blood are analyzed (usually oxygen and carbon dioxide). This takes longer and is obviously painful, but it is more accurate, and the best way to check carbon dioxide levels (which rise if you are not breathing enough).
Once a sample has been melted, it may have decomposed slightly. Contamination with a decomposed product will change the MP of the sample, so a fresh sample must always be used for each new test.
When would random sampling not be the best approach to sample selection
Very high speed is the best speed to separate a soil sample in a centrifuge.
The short answer is, with great difficulty. Theoretically you would collect a blood sample and have it analyzed at a reference laboratory for levels of trace minerals in the blood. In reality, drawing blood from a buffalo is extremely difficult and can be quite dangerous. Also, to the best of my knowledge there is little or no information on normal levels of trace minerals in buffalo, and no reference lab that can run the sample and tell you if the levels are high, normal or low.
The best true sample of the true members of different stars consists of
The best point estimator of the population mean would be the sample mean.