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The brain is protected by a series of bone, membrane, and fluid. The outermost protection is the cranium, or skull, which protects the brain from blows that could easily damage it. Then there are three membranes called meninges. The first of the three, dura mater, lines the inside of the cranium. The thinner arachnoid membrane lies just beneath this. Finally, there is the pia mater that covers the brain directly. Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), Liquor cerebrospinalis, is a clear bodily fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain. Essentially, the brain "floats" in it. More specifically, the CSF occupies the space between the arachnoid mater (the middle layer of the brain cover, meninges) and the pia mater (the layer of the meninges closest to the brain). It constitutes the content of all intra-cerebral (inside the brain, cerebrum) ventricles, cisterns and sulci (singular sulcus), as well as the central canal of the spinal cord. It acts as a "cushion" or buffer for the cortex, providing a basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain inside the skull.

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15y ago

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