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Large arteries, such as the aorta, have thick, elastic walls that allow them to accommodate the high pressure of blood being pumped directly from the heart. They primarily function as conduits for blood flow and help maintain blood pressure through their elasticity. In contrast, medium arteries, like the femoral artery, have more muscular walls that provide greater control over blood flow and distribution to specific areas of the body. This muscular layer allows medium arteries to regulate blood pressure and flow more precisely compared to large arteries.

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