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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) primarily affects males, but female carriers can have a frequency of about 1 in 3,500 to 1 in 5,000 women, depending on the population studied. Carrier females typically have one normal dystrophin gene and one mutated gene, which may result in mild symptoms or none at all. Overall, the estimated prevalence of female carriers worldwide is approximately 1 in 50 to 1 in 100 women.

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Does duchenne muscular dystrophy affect certain groups of people more than others?

It effects only males. Women are carriers


Can you provide some examples of Hardy-Weinberg practice problems for me to work on?

Here are a few examples of Hardy-Weinberg practice problems for you to try: In a population of 500 individuals, 25 exhibit the recessive trait for a certain gene. What are the frequencies of the dominant and recessive alleles in the population? If the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype in a population is 0.36, what is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype? If the frequency of the recessive allele in a population is 0.2, what percentage of the population is expected to be carriers of the recessive trait? These problems can help you practice applying the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to calculate allele and genotype frequencies in a population.


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What are the chances of getting muscular dystrophy from you r parents?

The chances of inheriting muscular dystrophy from your parents largely depend on the specific type of muscular dystrophy and the inheritance pattern associated with it. For instance, Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are X-linked recessive disorders, meaning that mostly males are affected and females can be carriers. If a mother is a carrier, there is a 50% chance of passing the gene to her sons, who would be affected, and a 50% chance for daughters to be carriers. Other types may follow different inheritance patterns, so genetic counseling is often recommended for families with a history of the condition.


What has the author Robert Noel Wilson written?

Robert Noel Wilson has written: 'A statistical approach to the detection of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy carriers using serum enzyme measurements'


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distortion due to interference with other sub carriers with desired frequency


What happens to the recessive genes over successive generations?

Recessive genes can persist in a population over successive generations, even if they are not expressed phenotypically, since individuals can be carriers (heterozygous) without showing the trait. If two carriers mate, there is a chance that their offspring can inherit two copies of the recessive gene and express the trait. Over time, if the recessive trait confers a disadvantage or is not favored by natural selection, its frequency may decrease. Conversely, if the trait offers some advantage or if carriers have a reproductive advantage, the recessive gene can become more prevalent in the population.


How can a negative trait remain in a population over long periods of time?

because carriers are the fittest in the population of most diseases.


Advantages of ofdm?

* Flexibility of deployment across various frequency bands with little needed modification to the air interface. * Averaging interferences from neighboring cells, by using different basic carrier permutations between users in different cells. * Interferences within the cell are averaged by using allocation with cyclic permutations. * Enables orthogonality in the uplink by synchronizing users in time and frequency. * Enables Single Frequency Network coverage, where coverage problem exists and gives excellent coverage. * Enables adaptive carrier allocation in multiplication of 23 carriers = nX23 carriers up to 1587 carriers (all data carriers). * Offers Frequency diversity by spreading the carriers all over the used spectrum. * Offers Time diversity by optional interleaving of carrier groups in time. * Using the cell capacity to the utmost by adaptively using the highest modulation a user can use, this is allowed by the gain added when less carriers are allocated (up to 18dB gain for 23 carrier allocation instead of 1587 carriers), therefore gaining in overall cell capacity.