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Neurons are only capable of carrying a message in one direction. Sensory neuronsare afferent neurons, meaning they only relay information to the brain. Motor neuronsare efferent neurons, meaning they carry information from the brain to the target.

In certain instances, it would take too long for information to go to the brain and then come back with an action in response. Instead, relay neurons, or interneurons relay information from sensory neurons to motor neurons, bypassing the brain. Think about touching a blazing hot stove. If the signal went all the way to your brain and back, your hand would be much more damaged than the instant jerk away from the stove that normally happens.

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